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目的了解呼和浩特市居民死亡谱及威胁居民健康的主要疾病,为制定疾病预防控制政策提供科学依据。方法收集2013年呼和浩特死因监测数据和人口学资料,采用SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、减寿年数、平均预期寿命。结果呼和浩特市总死亡例数为11 738例;死亡率为408.5/10万,标化死亡率为337.23/10万,其中男性死亡人数为7 279,死亡率为496.74/10万,标化死亡率为362.12/10万;女性死亡人数为4 459人,死亡率为316.68/10万,标化死亡率为300.54/10万;婴儿死亡率为4.7‰,新生儿死亡率为3.2‰;孕产妇死亡率为45.64/10万;死因顺位:全人群死因中,循环系统疾病占首位,依次是肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、伤害、消化系统疾病、内分泌及营养性疾病、泌尿系疾病、传染病及寄生虫疾病、神经系统疾病,起源于围生期的某些情况;男、女性分性别死因顺位和全人群死因顺位相同。呼和浩特市2013年全人群期望寿命是76.84岁,全人群减寿年数为104 367.4人年,男性减寿年数为76 613.48人年,女性减寿年数为37 818人年,不论男女合计或分性别分析,循环系统疾病所造成的减寿年数均列为首位,肿瘤第2位,伤害第3位,说明这三大类疾病对呼和浩特居民造成的影响较大。结论循环系统疾病、肿瘤、伤害三大类疾病对呼和浩特市居民造成的影响较大,应针对居民健康生活方式及其他危险因素进行综合干预,减少疾病和伤害的发病和死亡。
Objective To understand the death spectrum of residents in Hohhot and the main diseases threatening the health of residents, and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of disease prevention and control policies. Methods The 2013 death and death monitoring data and demographic data of Hohhot were collected and analyzed by SPSS17.0 software to calculate the mortality rate, standardization mortality rate, life expectancy, and average life expectancy. Results The total number of deaths in Hohhot was 11 738 cases, the mortality rate was 408.5 / 100 000 and the standardized mortality rate was 337.23 / 100 000, among which 7 279 were males and 496.74 per 100,000 were deaths. The standardized death rate Was 362.12 per 100 000; the death toll for women was 4 459, the death rate was 316.68 / 100 000, the standardized death rate was 300.54 / 100 000; the infant mortality rate was 4.7 ‰ and the neonatal mortality rate was 3.2 ‰; maternal death The rate was 45.64 / 10 million; cause of death: the cause of death among the whole population, the top of the circulatory system diseases, followed by cancer, respiratory diseases, injuries, digestive diseases, endocrine and nutritional diseases, urinary diseases, infectious diseases and parasitic Insect diseases, nervous system diseases, originated in the perinatal certain cases; male and female points of the cause of death by the same rank and cause of death in the same order. In Hohhot, the life expectancy of the entire population in 2013 was 76.84 years, the total number of years of life lost by people was 104 367.4 persons, the number of years of life lost by men was 76 613.48, and the number of years of life lost by women was 37 818 years. , The number of years of life lost due to circulatory diseases are the highest, the second is the tumor and the third is the injury, which shows that the three major diseases have a great impact on the residents in Hohhot. Conclusions The three major diseases of diseases, tumors and injuries of circulatory system have a great impact on residents in Hohhot. Comprehensive intervention should be made according to residents’ healthy lifestyles and other risk factors so as to reduce the incidence and death of diseases and injuries.