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在现代海战中，潜艇作战的隐蔽性强，机动范围大，可寂静大深度发射，不暴露行迹，给敌人以防不胜防的毁灭性打击，所以由水面舰艇发射的飞航式导弹开始转向由潜艇发射。世界各海军对潜艇飞航式导弹发射倍感兴趣，不惜重金研究飞航式导弹的水下发射技术，并形成了从潜艇发射飞航式导弹的两个导弹旅。它们是法国的“飞鱼”导弹族和美国的“鱼叉”导弹族，这已在海湾战争中得到了成功的验证。与此同时，又掀起了飞航式导弹从潜艇垂直发射的热潮。本文主要介绍借助鱼雷管靠运载器把飞航式导弹送出水面，攻击水面目标的发射技术。到目前为止，从潜艇发射飞航式导弹所采用的运载器分为有动力运载器和无动力运载器两类。它们分别是法国的ＳＭ３９型“飞鱼”导弹水下运载器、俄罗斯的ＳＳ—Ｎ—２１“桑普森”导弹水下运载器、美国的“鱼叉”导弹水下运载器和“海长矛”导弹水下运载器以及法国、德国和意大利共同研制的ＳＭ“独眼巨龙”导弹水下运载器。
In modern naval operations, the submarine operations are stealthy, maneuvering large and can be launched in a deep and silent manner without exposure to devastating blows to the enemy. Therefore, the missile launched by a surface ship begins to be launched by a submarine . The navies of the world are most interested in the launch of submarine guided missiles. They spared no expense in studying the underwater launch technology of the missile and formed two missile brigades from which submarines were launching flying missiles. They are the French “flying fish” missile family and the United States “harpoon” missile family, which has been successfully verified in the Gulf War. In the meantime, another upsurge of missile launches launched vertically from submarines was launched. This article mainly introduces the launching technology of using the torpedo tube to launch the surface of the missile by the carrier to attack the surface target. So far, the carriers used for launching a missile from a submarine are divided into two types: power carriers and non-power carriers. They are France’s SM39 “flying fish” missile underwater vehicles, Russia’s SS-N-21 “Sampson” missile underwater vehicles, the United States, “Harpoon” missile underwater vehicles and " Missile underwater vehicle and the SM Cyclops missile underwater vehicle jointly developed by France, Germany and Italy.