论文部分内容阅读
文章综述经10年(1996~2005)研究建立的亚洲稻瘿蚊Orseolia oryzae Wood-Mason种群DNA指纹检测技术和水稻抗稻瘿蚊分子育种技术的研究成果。其核心技术包括5点:(1)在国际和国内首先用AFLP方法研究亚洲5国(中国,印度,斯里兰卡,尼泊尔和老挝)及广东省7个地点亚洲稻瘿蚊种群DNA指纹及其生物多样性;(2)分别用RAPD和微卫星SSR技术对来源于我国的水稻资源大秋其的抗亚洲稻瘿蚊基因Gm6进行精细定位;(3)分别用与Gm6基因紧密连锁的STS分子标记和SSR标记,建立了分子标记辅助选择(MAS)方法选育抗稻瘿蚊新品种的技术体系;(4)应用建立的分子标记辅助选育新技术选育出一批抗亚洲稻瘿蚊中国种群的新品系,创造出一批新种质,包括抗蚊18号、抗蚊软占等达国优3级的抗稻瘿蚊新品系6个;(5)将Gm6基因导入杂交稻恢复系,选育出4个抗稻瘿蚊两系杂交稻新组合培矮64S/KG18,培矮64S/KI41,培矮64S/AK7,培矮64S/03W16(国优2级)和1个三系杂交稻新组合抗蚊博优。其中江西省宁都市名林水稻研究所应用本研究鉴定出的带有Gm6基因的品系抗蚊青占作为抗性亲本,培育出的2个抗稻瘿蚊的两系杂交稻组合安两优青占和培两优抗占通过省级品种审定,率先选育出抗稻瘿蚊种群的杂交稻。该项研究成果为控制华南稻瘿蚊的灾害发生提供新的技术措施,选育的抗稻瘿蚊品种和新种质,在华南广为应用,取得显著的经济效益。
This article reviews the research results of DNA fingerprinting and molecular breeding of rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae Wood-Mason, established in the past 10 years (from 1996 to 2005). Its core technology includes 5 points: (1) Firstly, DNA fingerprinting and its biological diversity of A. gigas population in five Asian countries (China, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Laos) and seven locations in Guangdong Province are studied firstly and internationally using AFLP method. (2) fine mapping of Gm6 against Galliformes in Asia using RAPD and microsatellite SSR techniques respectively; (3) using STS markers closely linked to Gm6 gene and SSR markers, a molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) method was established to breed new varieties of rice gall midge mosquito; (4) A new molecular marker-assisted breeding technology was established to breed a batch of Chinese population Of the new lines to create a new germplasm, including anti-mosquito No. 18, anti-mosquito soft accounted for up to Guoyou 3 anti-Gall-mosquito new lines 6; (5) Gm6 gene into the hybrid rice restorer line, Four new hybrid rice combinations Pei’ai 64S / KG18, Pei’ai 64S / KI41, Pei’ai 64S / AK7, Pei’ai 64S / 03W16 (Guoyou 2) and one three - line hybrid New combination of anti-mosquito Bo Yu rice. Among them, the research team of Minglin Rice Research Institute of Ningdu City, Jiangxi Province, applied the Gm6-resistant strain of Gm6 gene identified in this study as a resistant parent. Two two-line hybrid rice combinations, Occupation and Pei two gifted anti occupy provincial varieties approved, the first breeding of anti-Gallop mosquito population hybrid rice. The research results provide new technical measures for controlling the occurrence of rice gall midge in southern China. The selected varieties and new germplasms resistant to gall midge are widely used in southern China and have obtained significant economic benefits.