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通过大量田间采样分析了山东省三种主要土壤类型苹果园土壤的有效养分状况及其分布特点 ,结果表明 :三种土壤类型果园土中有效养分含量差异较大 ,棕壤富磷贫钾 ,潮土富钾贫磷 ,褐土介于二者之间 .不同土层间有效养分含量有较大差异 ,表层土 (0～ 2 0cm)含量最高 ,底层土 (4 0～ 60cm)含量最低 ;丰产园三土层间有效养分含量差异较少 ,低产园差异较大 ;丰产果园三土层氮磷钾比例的平均值为 :0～2 0cm1∶0 .53∶1 .59;2 0～ 4 0cm为 1∶0 .53∶1 .69;4 0～ 60cm为 1∶0 .51∶1 .72 .与 1 0年前相比 ,果园土壤有机质含量降低 ,有效氮磷钾含量增加 ,其中磷钾增幅较大 .
Through field sampling, the available nutrient status and distribution characteristics of three main types of apple orchard soil in Shandong Province were analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in available nutrients in orchard soil of three soil types, Soil is rich in potassium, phosphorus and brown soil is between them.The effective nutrient contents of different soil layers are quite different, the content of topsoil (0 ~ 20 cm) is the highest and the content of bottom soil (40 ~ 60 cm) There was little difference in effective nutrient contents among the three layers of the garden soil, but there was a big difference in the low yield garden. The average N, P, K ratios of the three soil layers in the high yield orchard were: 0 ~ 20cm1: 0 .53: 1 .59; 20 ~ 40cm Compared with 10 years ago, orchard soil organic matter content decreased, effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content increased, of which phosphorus and potassium Larger increase.