A study aimed at the coal seam group E and F in Pingdingshan mining area has been completed. This study is on the relationship of the coal seam methane reserve to coal thickness, coal rank, coal seam depth, surrounding rock and geological structure and other factors. The study indicates that different geological factor plays different role in controlling the law of coal seam methane reserve. The coal seam methane rich area, which was formed because of various factors and comprehensive effect, is the coal and methane outburst prone area, and also the key area for coal bed methane recovery. Among all factors, coal seam depth and geological structure is more important factor in affecting coal seam methane content in Pingdingshan mining area. A study aimed at the coal seam group E and F in Pingdingshan mining area has been completed. This study is on the relationship of the coal seam methane reserve to coal thickness, coal rank, coal seam depth, surrounding rock and geological structure and other factors The study indicates that different geological factor plays different role in controlling the law of coal seam methane reserve. Of coal seam methane rich area, which was formed because of various factors and comprehensive effect, is the coal and methane outburst prone area, and also the key area for coal bed methane recovery. Among all factors, coal seam depth and geological structure is more important factor in affecting coal seam methane content in Pingdingshan mining area.