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目的探讨健康教育在降低妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇母婴合并症中的作用。方法选取2015年3月-2016年8月在该院接受治疗的85例GDM孕妇为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组(40例)和对照组(45例),其中对照组给予常规孕期体检及保健指导,观察组建卡后给予健康教育。观察两组孕妇的妊娠结局,比较两组产妇和新生儿并发症发生率及新生儿Apgar评分的差别。结果观察组的正常分娩率为100.00%,明显高于对照组(Fishier值=8.036,P=0.027);观察组第一产程、第二产程和第三产程分别为(502.13±8.21)min、(36.84±2.29)min、(12.63±1.95)min,明显较短于对照组(t=20.485、12.942、12.451,均P<0.001);观察组羊水过多、产后出血和泌尿系统感染发生率为2.5%,明显低于对照组(Fishier=5.956,P=0.032);两组新生儿出生后1 min和5 min Apgar评分比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.382,0.368);观察组新生儿窒息、低血糖和高胆红素血症发生率为0,明显低于对照组(Fishier值=9.461,P=0.013)。结论健康教育在GDM孕妇中的应用效果较好,可明显提高孕妇的正常分娩率,降低孕妇和新生儿并发症发生率,具有良好的临床应用价值。
Objective To explore the role of health education in reducing maternal-fetal complications in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods Eighty-five pregnant women with GDM treated in our hospital from March 2015 to August 2016 were selected as study subjects and divided into observation group (40 cases) and control group (45 cases) by random number table. Group given regular physical examination during pregnancy and health guidance, observe the card after the establishment of health education. The pregnancy outcomes of the two groups of pregnant women were observed. The differences between the two groups in the incidence of complications of maternal and neonatal neonates and neonatal Apgar scores were compared. Results The normal labor rate in observation group was 100.00%, which was significantly higher than that in control group (Fishier = 8.036, P = 0.027). The first, second and third stage of labor in observation group were (502.13 ± 8.21) min and 36.84 ± 2.29) min and (12.63 ± 1.95) min, respectively, which was significantly shorter than that of the control group (t = 20.485,12.942,12.451, all P <0.001). The incidence of polyhydramnios, postpartum hemorrhage and urinary tract infection in observation group was 2.5 %, Which was significantly lower than that of the control group (Fishier = 5.956, P = 0.032). There was no significant difference in Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min after birth between the two groups (P = 0.382,0.368) The incidence of hypoglycemia and hyperbilirubinemia was 0, significantly lower than that of the control group (Fishier value = 9.461, P = 0.013). Conclusion Health education is effective in GDM pregnant women, which can significantly improve the normal delivery rate of pregnant women, reduce the incidence of complications of pregnant women and newborns, and has good clinical value.