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目前,高中物理教材中回旋加速器工作原理示意图如图(1)所示,这一示意图能反映出洛仑兹力使荷电粒子做圆周运动,但图中用“每两半圆的半径差相等”的画法,却并不能表明粒子经电场加速每次所增动能相等,只表达了“粒子经电场加速后每次所增加的速率相等。”然而粒子速度越高时,它经电场所增加的速率越小。由于该示意图存在着这种错误,因此本文对示意图的作法,提出修
At present, the working principle of the cyclotron in high school physics textbooks is shown in (1). This diagram can reflect that the Lorenz force makes the charged particles do circular motions, but the graph uses “the radius difference between each two semicircles is equal”. The painting method does not show that the particles are accelerated by the electric field each time the increasing power is equal, but only expresses that “the rate at which the particles increase after each electric field is accelerated is equal.” However, when the particle speed is higher, it increases through the electric field. The smaller the rate. Due to this error in the schematic diagram, this paper proposes a revision of the schematic diagram.