地中海贫血是一种全球分布的遗传性疾病。近年来 ,国内外学者对血红蛋白珠蛋白的基因结构及地中海贫血的基因缺陷等进行了较多的探索。在我国由于海南省特殊的地理位置使得其人口特别是黎族的地中海贫血的发生率明显高于其它民族 ,本文就该方面的研究做一综述。1　发病特点和发 Thalassemia is a globally distributed genetic disease. In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have made more explorations on the gene structure of hemoglobin globin and genetic defects of thalassemia. In our country, due to the special geographical location of Hainan Province, the incidence of thalassemia in its population, especially in Li nationality, is obviously higher than that of other ethnic groups. This article reviews the research in this area. 1 incidence and hair