一、引言 作为在国民经济中占有最大比重的制造业,在其数百年的发展史中,几次新技术革命为其开创了一个又一个新纪元,一度形成了一套完整严密的运行管理模式。但自上世纪70年代末开始,制造业所面临的市场演变为动态多变型市场,产品更新周期缩短,竞争日益激烈,传统的大批量大规模生产已不能完全适应市场要求,以降低成本从而降低价格的方式已不是提高产品竞争力的唯一有效的手段,市场对制造产品提出了新的要求——“时间质量成本服务(TQCS)”。 I. INTRODUCTION As the manufacturing industry which occupies the largest proportion in the national economy, several hundred years of development of its history have created a new epoch of new technologies and created a complete and rigorous operation and management model . However, since the late 1970s, the market faced by the manufacturing industry has evolved into a dynamic and volatile market. Product renewal cycles have been shortened and competition has become increasingly fierce. The traditional large-scale mass production can not fully meet the market requirements so as to reduce costs and thus reduce costs The price method is no longer the only effective way to improve the competitiveness of a product. The market has set new demands on manufacturing products - Time Quality Cost Service (TQCS).