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目的调查兰溪市城区18~80周岁居民肛肠疾病的流行现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用典型抽样方法,于2015年6—9月抽取兰溪市某城区的18~80周岁常住人口进行问卷调查和体检。采用多因素Logistic回归分析痔疮患病的影响因素。结果共调查3 327人,获得有效调查资料2 931份。检出患有肛肠疾病者1 554例,检出率为53.02%,标化率为45.61%。痔疮检出率最高,为49.47%,标化率为42.41%。女性肛肠疾病检出率为61.54%,高于男性的39.83%(P<0.05)。肛肠疾病检出率随年龄增长呈上升趋势(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男性痔疮患病风险低于女性(OR=0.37,95%CI:0.32~0.44);41岁~(OR=1.66,95%CI:1.05~2.62)、51岁~(OR=1.94,95%CI:1.23~3.07)、61岁~(OR=1.92,95%CI:1.19~3.09)和71~80岁(OR=2.62,95%CI:1.57~4.39)组相对18岁~组居民的痔疮患病风险高;初中(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.01~1.66)和高中学历者(OR=1.57,95%CI:1.19~2.07)的痔疮患病风险高于文盲。结论兰溪市城区居民肛肠疾病主要为痔疮,性别、年龄和文化程度是痔疮患病的影响因素;应对不同特征人群开展有针对性的防治措施。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of anorectal diseases among residents from 18 to 80 years old in urban area of Lanxi City and analyze the influencing factors. Methods By means of a typical sampling method, questionnaires and physical examinations of 18 to 80-year-old resident population in a city of Lanxi from June to September of 2015 were conducted. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of hemorrhoids prevalence factors. Results A total of 3 327 people were investigated and 2 931 valid investigation materials were obtained. 1 554 cases of anorectal diseases were detected, the detection rate was 53.02% and the standardization rate was 45.61%. Hemorrhoids detection rate was the highest, 49.47%, the standardization rate was 42.41%. Female anorectal disease detection rate was 61.54%, higher than the male 39.83% (P <0.05). Anorectal disease detection rate increased with age (P <0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of hemorrhoids in men was lower than that in women (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.32-0.44); 41 years old (OR = 1.66,95% CI: 1.05-2.62) (OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.19-3.09) and 71 to 80 years old (OR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.57-4.39) The risk of hemorrhoids was higher among residents of group A and group A than that of illiterate patients with hemorrhoids (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.01-1.66) and those with high school education (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.19-2.07) . Conclusions Anorectal diseases in urban areas of Lanxi City are mainly hemorrhoids. The gender, age and educational level are the influencing factors of hemorrhoids prevalence. Preventive measures should be taken for different groups of people.