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80年代是文学的年代,同时也是文学批评的年代。文学批评与作家比肩而立,影响文学的进程,参与历史的建构,成为当代文学六十年少有的奇观之一。文学批评家对作家创作、批评范式、小说本体、语言意识的大量言说,显著地改变了我们对文学的理解和评价方式。而在“伤痕文学”衰落和“先锋文学”崛起的过程中,上海的一批先锋批评家无疑是文坛最为抢眼的一个历史景点。那些锋芒毕露、胆大妄为的文章,那些小说背后的隐秘故事,是文学史储藏至今的重要话题,有待进一步研究和展开,但显然也有重新质疑和讨论之必要。程德培正是这一群体中的重要批评家。他与吴亮主编的《新小说在1985年》一书,具有先锋小说经典选本的重要地位。相信白亮对程德培先生的访谈,会对人们深入勘察先锋小说批评的历史脉络和知识型构有很大帮助。
The 1980s is the era of literature, but also the era of literary criticism. Literary criticism stands side by side with writers, influences the process of literature and participates in the construction of history, becoming one of the rare wonders of contemporary literature in 60 years. Literary critics have remarkably changed our way of understanding and evaluating literature by a large amount of rhetoric about the creation of writers, the paradigm of criticism, the body of novels and language awareness. In the process of the rise of “Scar Literature” and “Pioneer Literature”, a group of pioneer and critic in Shanghai is undoubtedly the most eye-catching historical spot in the literary world. Those hard-edged and daring articles and the hidden stories behind the novels are important topics for the preservation of literary history so far. They are yet to be further studied and expanded, but obviously there is a need to re-question and discuss them. Cheng Depei is an important critic in this group. He and Wu Liang edited “New Fiction in 1985,” a book that has avant-garde novel classic important position. Believing Bai Liang’s interview with Mr. Cheng Depei would be of great help to people’s in-depth investigation of the historical context and knowledge-based structures of pioneer novel criticism.