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目的 :探讨高胆固醇血症对血管功能的影响。方法 :2 0只新西兰雄性兔随机分为 2组 :正常饮食组 (nor-mal cholesterol,NC) 10只及高胆固醇饮食组 (hypercholesterol,HC) 10只。 4周后取出每只兔的降主动脉 ,5 mm宽动脉环放置于含有 2 5 ml Kreb液的组织 -器官水浴系统中。分别测量游离血管对乙酰胆碱 (10 - 1 0～ 10 - 5 m ol/L)的舒张反应及对去甲肾上腺素 (10 - 1 0～ 10 - 5 m ol/ L)的收缩反应。结果 :2组兔血胆固醇有显著差异 ,其中 NC组(30 .1± 11.2 ) mg/ dl,HC组 (987.3± 110 .0 ) mg/ dl(P <0 .0 1) ;HC组血管对乙酰胆碱舒张反应与 NC组比较明显减弱 ,HC组最大为 (5 8.5 0± 6 .17) % ,NC组最大为 (10 3.2± 6 .9) % (P <0 .0 1) ;HC组血管对去甲肾上腺素反应增强 ,最大收缩力 HC组为 (4 .15± 0 .5 6 ) g,NC组为 (2 .9± 0 .3) g(P <0 .0 5 )。 2组动脉病理学检查无动脉硬化的改变。结论 :高胆固醇血症降低血管内皮依赖性舒张反应 ,增加血管对去甲肾上腺素的收缩反应。高胆固醇血症时血管内皮功能改变早于动脉粥样硬化的结构改变。
Objective: To investigate the effect of hypercholesterolemia on vascular function. Methods: Twenty New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: 10 in normal diet group (n = 10) and 10 in high cholesterol diet group (hypercholesterol, HC). After 4 weeks, the descending aorta of each rabbit was removed and a 5 mm wide aortic ring was placed in a tissue-organ water bath system containing 25 ml of Kreb solution. The relaxation responses of free blood vessels to acetylcholine (10 - 10 ~ 10 -5 mol / L) and the contractile response to norepinephrine (10 - 10 ~ 5 - 5 mol / L) were measured. Results: There were significant differences in blood cholesterol levels between the two groups, with NC (30.1 ± 11.2) mg / dl and HC (987.3 ± 110.0) mg / dl (P <0.01) Compared with NC group, the relaxation of acetylcholine group was significantly weakened, the maximum in HC group was (8.55 ± 0.617)%, and that in NC group was (10 3.2 ± 6.9)% (P <0.01) The response to norepinephrine was enhanced to (4.15 ± 0.56) g in HC group with maximal contractility and (2.9 ± 0.3 g) in NC group (P <0.05). Arterial pathological examination of 2 groups of non-arteriosclerosis changes. CONCLUSION: Hypercholesterolemia decreases endothelium-dependent vasodilatation and increases vascular contractile response to norepinephrine. Hypercholesterolemia vascular endothelial function changes earlier than the structural changes of atherosclerosis.