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采用激光填丝焊,以厚度为3mm的304不锈钢为研究对象,通过在小对接间隙条件下的工艺试验,分析了主要焊接工艺参数对激光填丝焊焊接质量的影响。通过优化后的工艺得到了表面均匀一致、无裂纹和气孔且成形优良的焊缝,拉伸试验表明接头力学性能优良,抗拉强度达母材的95%左右。采用优化后的焊接工艺参数,在不同对接间隙条件下进行对接间隙裕度研究,结果表明,激光填丝焊可以大大降低对接头装配精度的要求,本试验条件下间隙裕度可达1.0mm。
The effects of main welding parameters on the quality of laser welding are analyzed by using laser wire welding and taking the thickness of 3mm 304 stainless steel as the research object. Through the optimized process, the welding seam with uniform surface, no cracks and pores and good forming quality was obtained. Tensile tests show that the joint has excellent mechanical properties and the tensile strength is about 95% of the base metal. The optimized welding parameters were used to study the margin of butt gap under different butting gap conditions. The results show that laser - filled wire welding can greatly reduce the requirements on the fitting accuracy of the joint. The clearance margin can reach 1.0 mm under the test conditions.