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贺敬之“文革”前的文学创作道路大体可分为四个阶段:早年的诗歌探索阶段(1939—1941),以“批判现实主义”为主;1942年后以新歌剧(秧歌剧)创作为主的“革命现实主义”阶段;1949年建国前后在新歌剧领域里的“现实主义深化”阶段;1956年后的“两结合”阶段,以政治抒情诗创作为主,突出“革命浪漫主义”特征。由于第二和第四阶段学界已有定评,本文着重探讨第一和第三阶段的文学创作,并从“现实”与“规范”关系的角度,揭示贺敬之“文革”前的文学创作转型。
He Jingzhi’s literary creation before the “Cultural Revolution” can be roughly divided into four stages: early stage of poetry exploration (1939-1941), “critical realism”; creation of new opera (Yangko opera) after 1942 as The stage of “revolutionary realism” of the Lord; the stage of “deepening of realism” in the field of new opera around 1949 before the founding of the People’s Republic; the stage of “two combinations” after 1956, mainly focusing on political lyric poetry and highlighting the theme of “revolutionary romanticism” feature. Since the second and fourth phases of the academic circle have been reviewed, this article focuses on the first and third stages of literary creation, and reveals the revelation of “literary revolution” before the Cultural Revolution from the perspective of the relationship between “reality” and “norms” .