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农村土地流转存在分散式和集中式两种类型,流转方式的改变会重组农村社会的阶层结构,影响农村社会稳定。研究发现,分散式农地流转催生“新中农”阶层,该阶层构成当前农村社会生活和乡村治理的中坚力量,是农村社会稳定的基础。农地集中大规模流转则将“新中农”阶层推向劳动力市场,进一步加速农村精英流失,使社区公共事务和村庄治理丧失积极分子,农村社会秩序维系及其接应国家政策的能力面临困境,农村社会稳定受到影响。研究认为,政府应正视分散式流转的合理性和积极意义,通过农业基础设施建设为农业生产创造更有利的条件,支持、保护和引导“新中农”阶层在农村社会稳定中发挥积极作用。
There are two types of decentralized and centralized land circulation in rural areas. The change of circulation mode will reorganize the class structure of rural society and affect rural social stability. The study found that the decentralized transfer of farmland gave birth to the “new middle peasants” class, which constituted the backbone of current rural social life and rural governance and the basis of rural social stability. Large-scale rural land transfer will push the “new middle peasants ” class to the labor market, further accelerate the loss of elites in the countryside, lose public activism in community public affairs and village governance, and maintain the rural social order and its ability to accept state policies Rural social stability is affected. The study suggests that the government should face the rationality and positive significance of decentralized circulation, create more favorable conditions for agricultural production through agricultural infrastructure construction, and support, protect and guide the “new middle peasants” class to play an active role in rural social stability .