推动我国经济社会持续发展需要重点解决两个问题:一是增强自主创新能力,进一步提升经济效率;二是扭转收入差距不断扩大的趋势,有效应对社会矛盾凸显期。过去不少学者把效率和公平相对立,认为要提高创新能力和效率必然要牺牲公平。事实上,创新能力和收入分配是一枚硬币 To promote China’s sustained economic and social development, we need to focus on two issues: one is to enhance the capacity for independent innovation and the other to further enhance economic efficiency; the other is to reverse the ever-widening income gap and effectively counter the prominent period of social conflicts. In the past, many scholars opposed efficiency and fairness, arguing that fairness must be sacrificed to improve innovation capability and efficiency. In fact, innovation and income distribution are one coin