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近年来,随着社会经济的飞速发展,环境问题已经不仅仅存在于城市之中,在广大农村地区,生态环境也遭受严重破坏,不少地方甚至出现“癌症村”现象。这一现象表明我国生态环境保护工作的严肃性和紧迫性,而构建完善的公益诉讼机制对于解决该问题具有十分重要的意义。本文欲从“癌症村”现象入手,列举可能具有环境公益诉讼原告资格的多元化主体,分析其在司法实践中提起公益诉讼的优劣,并参考国外相对成熟完善的公益诉讼制度,结合中国处于社会主义初级阶段的特殊国情,拟设计一套体现中国特色的环境公益诉讼制度,尤其是确定其中的原告主体资格——以国家环保行政机关为主,辅以环保NGO组织的多元化原告主体选择制度,以期充分发挥环境公益诉讼制度的作用,加大生态环境保护力度,为国家生态文明建设和实现“五位一体”式协调发展提供制度支撑。
In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy, environmental problems have not only existed in the cities, but also severely damaged the ecological environment in many rural areas. In many places, the phenomenon of “cancer villages” even appeared. This phenomenon shows the seriousness and urgency of our country’s ecological environment protection work, and it is of great significance to establish a sound public interest litigation mechanism to solve this problem. This article tries to start with the phenomenon of “Cancer Village”, enumerating the diversified subjects that may have the qualification of plaintiff in environmental public interest litigation, analyzing the merits and demerits of bringing public interest litigation in judicial practice, and consulting the relatively mature and perfect public interest litigation system in foreign countries China is in a special national situation in the primary stage of socialism and plans to design a system of environmental public interest litigation with Chinese characteristics, in particular to determine the qualification of the plaintiff among them - mainly state environmental protection administration agencies, supplemented by diversified plaintiffs organized by environmental NGOs Subject selection system, in order to give full play to the role of environmental public interest litigation system, increase ecological environment protection, and provide institutional support for the national ecological civilization construction and realization of “five in one” coordinated development.