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目的分析广州市荔湾区2004—2013年病毒性肝炎发病情况及流行病学特征,为制定病毒性肝炎控制策略提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对广州市荔湾区2004—2013年病毒性肝炎监测数据进行分析。结果 2004—2013年广州市荔湾区累计报告病毒性肝炎22 047例,年均报告发病率为289.54/10万;其中乙肝18 264例(占82.84%)、甲肝221例(占1.00%)、丙肝2 467(占11.19%)、戊肝613例(占2.78%)、肝炎(未分型)482例(占2.19%)。全区各个街道均有病毒性肝炎病例报告,发病率居前3位的分别为逢源街(1 608例,占7.29%)、南源街(1 503例,占6.82%)和多宝街(1 406例,占6.38%)。发病主要集中在20~64岁年龄组人群,占发病总数的82.95%(18 288/22 047)。男性14 660例,年均发病率为339.76/10万,女性7 387例,年均发病率为178.50/10万,男性发病率高于女性(P<0.01)。职业分布以家政、家务及待业(占19.13%)、商务人员(占15.06%)、离退休人员(占14.71%)和工人(占10.51%)为主。结论广州市荔湾区2004—2013年病毒性肝炎报告发病率虽有所下降,但发病率仍较高,应进一步加强对病毒性肝炎的监测和控制。
Objective To analyze the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis in Liwan District of Guangzhou from 2004 to 2013, and provide the basis for the development of viral hepatitis control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of viral hepatitis in Liwan District of Guangzhou from 2004 to 2013. Results A total of 22 047 cases of viral hepatitis were reported in Liwan District of Guangzhou from 2004 to 2013, with an average annual incidence of 289.54 / 100 000; of which, 18 264 (82.84%) were hepatitis B, 221 (1.00%) were hepatitis A 2 467 (11.19%), 613 cases (2.78%) of hepatitis E, and 482 (2.19%) hepatitis (undifferentiated). There were reports of cases of viral hepatitis in all streets in the district. The incidence rates of the top three were Fengyuan Street (1 608 cases, accounting for 7.29%), Nanyuan Street (1 503 cases, accounting for 6.82%) and Duobao Street (1,406 cases, accounting for 6.38%). The incidence mainly concentrated in the 20 to 64 age group, accounting for 82.95% of the total (18 288/22 047). The average number of males was 14 660, with an average annual incidence of 339.76 / lakh and 7 387 females, with an annual average incidence of 178.50 / lakh. The incidence of males was higher than that of females (P <0.01). Occupation distribution mainly covers household, household and unemployed (19.13%), commercial staff (15.06%), retirees (14.71%) and workers (10.51%). Conclusions Although the incidence of viral hepatitis in Liwan District of Guangzhou City during 2004-2013 has declined, the incidence rate is still high. Therefore, the surveillance and control of viral hepatitis should be further strengthened.