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目的:选育高产、优质、抗性强的山茱萸新品种。方法:经过四轮选育获得丰产、优质、抗病的山茱萸新品种,第一,通过资源调查,预选优良单株;第二,对预选的优良单株进行3年的连续观测,审核通过的成为初选优株;第三,对初选优株经济性状和抗性着重考察,复选优株;第四,通过嫁接繁育技术,进行品比试验和区域试验,选择优良品种进行申报。结果:秦丰新品种果实较大,圆柱形,鲜红色,平均纵径1.91 cm,平均横径0.96 cm;平均鲜果百粒重136.02 g;种子平均纵径1.54 cm,平均横径0.53 cm,平均千粒重168.00 g。出药率(烘干)平均22.1%,4年平均单株累计产量达15.71 kg,较对照高87.69%。有效成分马钱素、熊果酸和齐墩果酸含量分别高达0.721%、0.156%和0.067%,马钱素含量高于2010年版中国药典标准。结论:秦丰具有丰产稳定、有效成分含量高、抗病性强、栽培效益高的特点,可以继续扩大试验示范面积,建立高产优质示范基地,并进一步积极推广。
Objective: Breeding new varieties of dogwood with high yield, high quality and strong resistance. Methods: After four rounds of breeding, new varieties of dogwood with high yield, good quality and disease resistance were obtained. First, the superior single plants were pre-selected through resource investigation. Secondly, the preselected superior plants were continuously observed for 3 years, Become the first choice of superior strains; Third, focus on economic characteristics and resistance of the primaries superior strains, check superior strains; Fourth, through grafting breeding technology, the ratio test and regional trials, selection of fine varieties to declare. Results: The new varieties of Qinfeng were larger, cylindrical and bright red with an average longitudinal diameter of 1.91 cm and an average transverse diameter of 0.96 cm. The average fresh weight of 100 seeds was 136.02 g. The mean longitudinal diameter of the seeds was 1.54 cm and the average diameter was 0.53 cm. Thousand grain weight 168.00 g. The drug yield (drying) averaged 22.1%, 4-year average cumulative yield of 15.71 kg per plant, 87.69% higher than the control. The active ingredients tracehin, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid content were as high as 0.721%, 0.156% and 0.067%, loganin content higher than the 2010 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia standards. Conclusion: Qinfeng has the features of high yield and stability, high content of active ingredients, strong disease resistance and high cultivation efficiency. It can continue to expand the demonstration area of demonstration and establish a demonstration base of high yield and quality, and further promote it actively.