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由于矿体的赋存条件和技术经济等方面的原因,大部分露天开采的矿山,不可能用露天开采将矿床一次采完,而多数矿山是上部用露天开采,之后过渡到地下开采,或者是在露天开采转地下开采过渡期间的联合开采。在我国冶金、化工和非金属矿山,随着露天开采在逐渐延深,由露天转地下的矿山也逐渐增多。 (一)露天转地下开采应注意的几个问题 1.露天与地下开采在开拓系统、采矿方法、设备选型等方面都不相同。因此,在露天开采结束之前,必须做好为矿山地下开采前的准备工作,如开拓、采准和切割工程的提前进行,设备的更换,人员培训等。当露天开采结束时,应尽量保证地下开采衔接上,保证产量均衡;
Due to the ore deposit conditions and technical and economic reasons, most open-pit mines can not be mined by open-pit mining at one time. Most mines are mined in the open top and then transitioned to underground mining or Joint mining during transition from open pit mining to underground mining. In China’s metallurgy, chemical and non-metallic mines, with the open-pit mining is gradually deepening, from open-pit mines also gradually increased. (A) open pit turn underground mining should pay attention to several issues 1 open pit and underground mining in the development system, mining methods, equipment selection and so on are not the same. Therefore, before the open-pit mining ends, preparations must be made for mining before underground mining, such as pioneering, advance mining and cutting work, equipment replacement and personnel training. When the end of open-pit mining, should try to ensure the convergence of underground mining, to ensure a balanced production;