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本文报导了自1975年以来利用He—Ne、N_2激光照射水稻干谷、干米和露白种子的胚,诱发突变并从中选育出新品种的研究结果。确定了激光对水稻诱发突变的作用,同时从诱发突变体中选育出“激青”新品种,经全自治区水稻良种区域试验和生产力鉴定表现良好,现已在生产上推广种植。此外,还获得一些优良的品系,现正在进一步的选择鉴定。本文还就种子状态、激光波长、诱变剂量与诱变率的关系,以及诱发突变的材料选择,后代处理等问题进行讨论。研究表明,利用激光诱变育种是培育水稻新品种的有效途径之一,可大大缩短育种年限。
In this paper, we report the results of embryos induced by He-Ne and N 2 laser irradiation of rice dry-valley, dry-rice and white-dew seeds since 1975 and induced the mutation and breeding of new varieties. The effect of laser on the mutation induced by rice was confirmed. At the same time, a new variety of “excited green” was selected from the induced mutant. The rice varieties in the autonomous region showed good performance in regional experiment and productivity evaluation. Now they are popularized in production. In addition, some excellent lines have been obtained and further selection and identification are under way. The paper also discusses the relationship between seed status, laser wavelength, mutagenic dose and mutagenicity, as well as the choice of materials to induce mutation and offspring treatment. Studies have shown that the use of laser mutagenesis breeding is one of the effective ways to cultivate new rice varieties, which can greatly shorten the breeding time.