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为了明确T型细胞质雄性不育小麦T763A败育的形态特征和细胞学特点及对T763A恢复系的选用提供依据,以不育系T763A,保持系763B,恢复系Tm3315B、Tm504B和TP731B为供试材料,进行外部形态特征观察和花粉粒制片(醋酸洋红、I2-KI和DAPI);并以中国春和黑麦为对照试材,对所有供试材料进行核型鉴定。结果表明:T763A败育类型为典败和圆败,成熟花粉粒皱缩无规则,内含物少,花粉败育,败育主要发生在单核晚期到二核期;所有供试材料均为非1B/1R类型;3个恢复系(Tm3315B、Tm504B和TP731B)恢复能力均较强,其中以Tm504B对T763A的恢复能力相对最好,这可能与T763A的胞质类型及与恢复系所含的恢复基因数量有关。
In order to clarify the morphological and cytological characteristics of T763A abortion and the selection of T763A restorer lines, T763A, maintainer line 763B, restorer lines Tm3315B, Tm504B and TP731B were used as materials , Observed morphological characteristics and pollen tablets (magenta, I2-KI and DAPI). The karyotypes of all the tested materials were identified by using Chinese spring and rye as control materials. The results showed that the abortion type of T763A was typical failure and round failure. The mature pollen grains shrank irregularly with less inclusions and pollen abortion. Abortion mainly occurred in the late stage of mononuclear stage to the second nuclear stage. All tested materials were (Tm3315B, Tm504B and TP731B). Among them, the recovery of T763A by Tm504B was the best, which may be related to the cytoplasmic type of T763A and the ability of restoring lines Restore the number of genes.