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采用电子束焊接2A14铝合金,研究了主要焊接参数对接头性能和焊接缺陷的影响。结果发现:焊接束流和焊接速度的大小直接决定着焊缝的热量输入。通过X射线探伤检验发现,当电子束流小于20mA、焊接速度大于900mm/min时,会由于热量不足而产生未焊透、气孔等缺陷。随着电子束流的增加,焊接速度的降低,接头内部缺陷减少,焊缝质量提高。采用机械打磨和化学清理均可有效去除试件表面氧化膜,使接头性能稳定。焊后重熔束流的使用可以去除存在于焊根的气孔,同时可以帮助消除未焊透缺陷,接头抗拉强度最高达到395MPa。
The effect of main welding parameters on the joint properties and welding defects was studied by electron beam welding of 2A14 aluminum alloy. The results show that the size of welding beam and welding speed directly determines the heat input of the weld. By X-ray inspection test found that when the electron beam current is less than 20mA, the welding speed is greater than 900mm / min, due to insufficient heat will produce impermeable, porosity and other defects. As the electron beam current increases, the welding speed decreases, the internal defects of the joint decrease, and the weld quality improves. The use of mechanical grinding and chemical cleaning can effectively remove the specimen surface oxide film, the joint performance and stability. The use of post-weld reflow beam can remove the pores present in the root of the weld and at the same time can help to eliminate the impermeability defects. The tensile strength of the joint reaches up to 395MPa.