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全尾砂固结排放工艺是一种处理尾矿的高效安全新型排放工艺,尾砂沉降性能综合反映了尾砂物理特性、离析等特点,是影响过滤机对尾矿浓缩脱水效率的重要因素,对全尾砂固结干排工艺的应用研究具有指导意义。采用全尾砂料浆进行单因素试验,考察不同浓度下料浆沉降性能,建立了不同浓度全尾砂料浆沉降速度的数学模型。根据沉降速度数学模型可知较低浓度料浆沉降速度快,沉降周期长且极限下沉量大,而较高浓度料浆则相反;全尾砂料浆沉降速度曲线大致符合单峰右拖尾类型:初期沉降速度不断增大直至最大下沉速度,以最大沉速下沉一定时间后速度减缓,最后停止沉降。采用均匀设计法,建立不同浓度及不同粒级组成的5因素6水平均匀试验,对配级尾砂沉降性能进行研究。试验结果表明,极限下沉量与浓度、-210~+120μm尾砂含量、-120~+75μm尾砂含量呈负相关,与+210μm尾砂含量、-75μm尾砂含量呈正相关;浓度对尾砂料浆的极限下沉量影响最大,粗颗粒(+210μm)次之,细颗粒(-75μm)对极限下沉量影响排在粗颗粒和浓度之后,中粒径(-210~+75μm)的影响最小。在浓度较低时,配级尾砂沉降速度比全尾砂缓慢,尾砂级配占主导因素;在浓度较高时,配级尾砂和全尾砂沉降速度相差不大,此时主导因素为料浆浓度。
The tailing consolidation discharge process is a new efficient and safe discharge process for tailings. The settling performance of tailings comprehensively reflects the physical characteristics and segregation of the tailings. It is an important factor that affects the efficiency of the filter tailings to concentrate and dewater. It is instructive to study the application of the whole tailing consolidation dry-lining technology. The whole tailings slurry was used for single factor test to investigate the sedimentation performance of the slurry at different concentrations. The mathematical model of the settling velocity of the tailings slurry with different concentrations was established. According to the mathematical model of settling velocity, the sedimentation velocity of the slurry with lower concentration is faster, the settling period is longer and the limit sinkage is larger, while the slurry with the higher concentration is opposite. The sedimentation velocity curve of the tailings slurry generally corresponds to the type of single tail : The initial settlement rate continues to increase until the maximum sinking speed, the maximum sinking speed after a certain time to slow down, and finally stop the settlement. The uniform design method was used to establish a uniform test of 5 factors and 6 levels with different concentrations and different particle sizes to study the settlement performance of the tailings. The results show that the ultimate sinkage is negatively correlated with the concentration of tailings from -210 to +120 μm and the tailings from -120 to +75 μm, and is positively correlated with the tailings content of +210 μm and the tailings content of -75 μm. The maximum subsidence of sand slurry is the largest, followed by coarse particles (+ 210μm), and the effect of fine particles (-75μm) on the ultimate subsidence is in the order of coarse particles and concentration. The median particle size (-210 ~ + 75μm) The least impact. When the concentration is lower, the settling velocity of graded tailings is slower than that of the whole tailings, and the tailing gradation is the dominant factor. When the concentration is higher, the settling velocity of graded tailings and total tailings is not different, Slurry concentration.