不少研究者认为,洋务运动是清王朝投靠列强并与之结合,以谋求稳定其反动统治的产物。洋务派是封建统治集团中接受外国侵略者扶植的当权派别。洋务运动除了起到配合外国侵略者加快加深中国社会的半殖民地化的作用外,并无其他积极意义。笔者原来同意上述看法。但近年联系中国资产阶级的发生和发展进行考察,就渐次持不同见解。洋务运动包括各个方面的内容,而究其对中国社会的影响,则应首推兴办一系列官办、官督商办的军用和民用企业。而官办、官督商办民用企业基本上是近代资本主义企业。在中国,谁有可能较早地 Many researchers believe that the Westernization Movement was the result of the Qing Dynasty’s reliance on and integration with the Powers to seek to stabilize the product of its reactionary rule. Westernization group is the feudal ruling group to accept foreign invaders foster the establishment of the faction. The Westernization Movement has no other positive significance except to act as a foreign colony to speed up the semi-colonialization of Chinese society. The author originally agreed with the above view. However, in recent years, in connection with the occurrence and development of the Chinese bourgeoisie, we have come to hold different opinions. The Westernization Movement, which includes all aspects of its content, and its impact on Chinese society should be the first to promote the establishment of a series of government-run and government-run military and civilian enterprises. The government-run, government-run commercial enterprises are basically modern capitalist enterprises. In China, who may be earlier