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随着肿瘤基因治疗研究的逐渐深入,其临床应用逐渐增多,其中载体的选择是基因治疗的主要难题。非病毒基因载体由于安全性高,毒性低,免疫原性低,制备简单等突出优点而具有良好的应用前景,其缺点是转染效率低,主要是由于在非病毒载体介导基因治疗中存在三道屏障,即细胞膜、内涵体-溶酶体系统、核膜;因此,要提高非病毒载体基因转染效率,就要保证载体系统有效跨越三道屏障将目的基因成功运送至靶部位。综述非病毒基因载体的递送屏障以及提高基因递送效率的研究进展文献,并对其研究进展做了简要分析。
With the gradual deepening of cancer gene therapy research, its clinical application gradually increased, of which the carrier of choice is the main problem of gene therapy. The non-viral gene vectors have good application prospects because of their advantages of high safety, low toxicity, low immunogenicity and simple preparation. The disadvantage of the non-viral gene vectors is that the transfection efficiency is low, mainly due to the existence in non-viral vector-mediated gene therapy Therefore, to improve the transfection efficiency of non-viral vector genes, it is necessary to ensure that the vector system can effectively deliver the target gene to the target site across three barriers. This review summarizes the research progress of non-viral gene delivery barriers and the efficiency of gene delivery, and makes a brief analysis of its progress.