利用５（Ａ）×２（Ｒ）两组亲本杂交的１０个杂种及其相应的亲本材料，探讨高产条件下Ｋ、Ｖ型小麦的杂种优势。结果表明：单株产量有很强的杂种优势，７个组合超双亲平均值为７．１１％～２５．１％，其中３个为１５．７％～２５．１％，４个组合超标优势２．４％～１８．１％。Ｋ、Ｖ型杂种优势的主要表现是千粒重的增高，其次是穗粒数，有３个组合超双亲平均值。单株穗数的减少对杂种产量有影响，选择多穗亲本，对提高杂种的穗数有效 The heterosis of K and V wheat under high yielding condition was studied by using 10 hybrids of 5 × A × 2 (R) parents and their corresponding parents. The results showed that there was a strong heterosis in the yield per plant. The average value of seven superparents was 7.11% ~ 25.1%, of which 3 were 15.7% ~ 25.1%. The four combinations exceeded the superiority 2.4% ~ 18.1%. The main performance of K and V type heterosis was the increase of 1000-grain weight, followed by the number of grains per spike, and the average of 3 super-parents. The reduction of panicles per plant had an impact on the yield of hybrids. Choosing more spike parents was effective in improving the spike number of hybrids