1922年,卢卡奇提出:“主体和客体的相互作用”是辩证法“决定性的重要规定”,并指责恩格斯“对于最根本的相互作用是历史过程中的主体和客体的辩证法关系这一点,只字未提”,而只是错误地追随黑格尔,把辩证法“扩大到自然界去”,使他的辩证法思想仅“停留在思辨的水平上”,而“没有触及和改变客体”,“没有成为实践”,于是恩格斯的辩证法“不再是革命的。”(《卢卡奇著作集》第9卷,日本白水社版,第25、28页)自此以后,卢卡奇的“主体和客体的辩证法”观点,被柯尔施、布洛赫、阿多诺直至哈贝马斯、 In 1922, Lukacs proposed that “the interaction between the subject and the object” is the “decisive important regulation” of dialectics and accuse Engels of “the dialectical relationship between subject and object in the historical process only to the most fundamental interaction Not mentioning the word, ”but merely follows Hegel incorrectly and expands dialectics to nature, leaving his dialectical thinking to“ stay at the level of speculation ”without“ touching and changing the subject, ”“ not becoming Practice, ”then Engels’s dialectic“ is no longer revolutionary. ”(Lukachi Book, Volume 9, Japan Whitewater Society, pp. 25, 28) Since then, Lukács’s“ subject and object Dialectics ”point of view, Korsch, Bloch, Adorno until Habermas,