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本试验以黑龙江省主栽的4个基因型不同的小麦品种为试材,通过不同梯度磷素处理,对各产量性状耐缺磷系数及其各生育期磷素积累量的变化规律进行研究。结果表明:供试的4个小麦品种对磷素有不同的响应力,其中龙麦30属于磷高效利用型、龙麦26属于磷高效吸收型、克丰10是中间类型、而龙麦19为磷低效型。低磷胁迫对不同磷效基因型小麦各性状的耐低磷系数具有显著的影响。缺磷条件下,对中间类型和磷低效型品种的耐低磷系数抑制作用明显大于磷高效型品种。不同生育期磷素积累量变化趋势研究表明,小麦对磷素的吸收主要集中在抽穗以前,在开花期最低,随着生育进程又呈上升趋势。同时,在土壤基础磷肥偏低时,磷高效基因型小麦植株内磷素积累量和利用效率要显著大于磷低效基因型小麦。
In this study, four wheat cultivars with different genotypes in Heilongjiang Province were used as experimental materials. The variation of phosphorus tolerance coefficient and P accumulation in different growth stages of different yield traits was studied by different gradient phosphorus treatments. The results showed that the four wheat cultivars tested had different response to phosphorus, of which, Longmai 30 belonged to P efficient use, Longmai 26 belonged to P efficient absorption, Kefeng 10 was middle type, and Longmai 19 was Phosphorus inefficient type. Phosphorus deficiency had a significant effect on low phosphorus tolerance of different traits of wheat with different P genotypes. Phosphorus deficiency conditions, the middle type and phosphorus inefficient varieties of low phosphorus tolerance inhibition was significantly greater than phosphorus efficient varieties. The research on the trend of phosphorus accumulation in different growth stages showed that the absorption of phosphorus in wheat mainly concentrated in the stage before heading, the lowest in flowering stage and the upward in the growing process. At the same time, when phosphorus was low in the soil, the phosphorus accumulation and utilization efficiency in P-efficient wheat plants were significantly greater than those in P-inefficient wheat genotypes.