As contiguous area to Russia, Heilongjiang Province takes advantage of geography and resource superiority to promote the export of farmer labor services to Russia in recent years with trading cooperation between China and Russia. This paper briefl y introduced the present situation of the export of farmer labor services from Heilongjiang Province to Russia. Under the background of Russian Far East economic development and development of “large agriculture” in Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang Province would continue to increase labor export to Russia. Then, the paper analyzed the problems of the export of farmer labor services and gave some proposals accordingly. At last, the result showed that well-organized and reasonable farmer labor export to Russia could play a role to the agricultural modernization and urbanization development. As contiguous area to Russia, Heilongjiang Province takes advantage of geography and resource superiority to promote the export of farmer labor services to Russia in recent years with trading cooperation between China and Russia. This paper briefl y introduces the present situation of the export of farmer labor Services from Heilongjiang Province to Russia. Under the background of Russian Far East economic development and development of “large agriculture” in Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang Province would continue to increase labor export to Russia. Then, the paper analyzed the problems of the export Of farmer labor services and gave some proposals accordingly. At last, the result showed that well-organized and reasonable farmer labor export to Russia could play a role to the agricultural modernization and urbanization development.