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常绿阔叶林是我国亚热带地区的地带性植被,但由于长期的人为干扰,目前仅有少量分布且主要以次生常绿阔叶林的形式存在。因此,了解次生常绿阔叶林的物种共存机制对于保护森林生物多样性非常重要。基于大型动态监测样地对森林的物种组成及群落结构进行研究,是揭示生物多样性维持机制的重要手段。按照美国史密森研究院热带森林科学研究中心(Center for Tropical Forest Science,CTFS)大型森林动态样地建设标准,于2011–2012年在浙江省乌岩岭国家级自然保护区内建立了1个9 ha森林动态监测样地。通过对样地内胸径≥1 cm木本植物的物种组成(如重要值)、群落结构(如区系组成和径级结构等)以及空间分布的分析发现:(1)样地有木本植物存活个体47科92属200种71,396株,其中壳斗科、樟科、山茶科、冬青科、杜鹃花科和山矾科等占优势;(2)在区系组成上,热带成分略多于温带成分;(3)群落径级结构接近倒“J”型,表明群落更新良好,其中优势种径级结构呈倒“J”型、偏常态型和波动型等各种形态,且并未表现出种群衰退的趋势;(4)优势种表现出明显的生境偏好和聚集分布格局,暗示生境异质性可能是影响亚热带次生常绿阔叶林物种空间分布的重要因素。
Evergreen broad-leaved forests are zonal vegetation in the subtropical region of China, but due to long-term human disturbance, there are only a few distributions at present and are mainly in the form of secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests. Therefore, understanding the species coexistence mechanism of secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests is very important for the conservation of forest biodiversity. Research on the species composition and community structure of forest based on large-scale dynamic monitoring plots is an important means to reveal the mechanism of biodiversity conservation. According to the criteria for the construction of large-scale forest dynamic sample plots of the Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS) of the Smithsonian Institution, one was established in Wuyuling National Nature Reserve of Zhejiang Province from 2011 to 2012 9 ha Forest dynamic monitoring plots. Through the analysis of species composition (such as important value), community structure (such as floristic composition and diameter structure, etc.) and spatial distribution of woody plants with DBH≥1 cm in the plot, it was found that: (1) Woody plants survived The genus 47 families and 92 genera and 71 species were 71,396, of which, Fagaceae, Lauraceae, Camellia, Ilex, Azalea and Symplociaceae were predominant. (2) On the floristic composition, (3) The size structure of the community is close to “J” type, which indicates that the community is updated well. Among them, the dominant species size structure is in the “J” shape, partial normal form and fluctuating form, (4) The dominant species showed obvious habitat preference and aggregation distribution pattern, suggesting that habitat heterogeneity may be an important factor affecting the spatial distribution of the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest species.