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以小花吊兰根尖为试材,采用常规压片法制备染色体玻片标本,研究了取材时间、预处理方法、解离方法以及染色时间对小花吊兰根尖细胞染色体制片效果的影响,优化制片技术并进行核型分析,以期为小花吊兰建立更加稳定、明晰的品种鉴定方法。结果表明:于8:00取小花吊兰根尖,0.05%秋水仙素预处理3h,卡诺氏液固定,1.0mol/L盐酸60℃下解离15min,改良卡宝品红染色15min,所得小花吊兰染色体制片效果较好。对小花吊兰体细胞染色体数目进行统计,核型分析表明,细胞染色体数为2n=2x=16,中部着丝粒染色体(m)为3对,近中部着丝粒染色体(sm)为4对,近端部着丝粒染色体(st)1对,核型公式为2n=2x=16=6m+8sm+2st,核型属2A型,核型不对称系数为64.39%。
Taking the root tip of Flos Magnoliae as test material, chromosome slides were prepared by conventional tabletting method. The effects of time, pretreatment method, dissociation method and dyeing time on chromosome preparation of root tip cells were studied, Slice technology and karyotype analysis, with a view to establishing a more stable and clear variety identification method for the spider plants. The results showed that: the root tips of Cymbidium sp., 0.05% colchicine pretreatment 3h, Carnot’s solution, 1.0mol / L hydrochloric acid dissociation 15min 60 ℃, modified card treasure magenta staining 15min, Chlorophyll chromosome production better. The number of somatic chromosomes in the floret was counted. The karyotype analysis showed that the number of chromosomes was 2n = 2x = 16, the number of centromeric chromosomes (m) was 3, the number of mesocosm chromosomes (sm) was 4, Near the end centromere chromosome (st) 1 pair, the karyotype formula is 2n = 2x = 16 = 6m + 8sm + 2st, karyotype is 2A type, karyotype asymmetry coefficient is 64.39%.