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决策在人类社会发展历程中扮演着非常重要的角色,而学界对其神经机制的探讨才不过几十年的时间。价值决策理论认为,人们先计算和表征事物的价值,随后进行比较和决策。在人脑中负责主观价值计算的神经基础有腹内侧前额叶皮层、眶额皮层、杏仁核等,而负责价值整合的脑区有腹侧纹状体、腹内侧前额叶皮层、眶额皮层等。人脑将不同属性及成本按照曲线交互模式进行整合形成主观价值,并通过自我控制、注意、认知调节和情绪调节等手段,调节主观价值。未来需要强调模式分析、个体差异和网络分析对价值计算与整合的影响。
Decision-making plays a very important role in the development of human society. However, it is only a few decades since the academic circles discussed its neural mechanism. Value decision theory believes that people first calculate and characterize the value of things, followed by comparison and decision-making. In the human brain responsible for the subjective value calculation of the neural basis of the ventral medial prefrontal cortex, orbital frontal cortex, amygdala, etc., and responsible for the value of the integration of the brain area ventral striatum, ventral medial prefrontal cortex, orbital frontal cortex . The human brain integrates different attributes and costs according to the pattern of curve interaction to form subjective values and adjusts subjective values by means of self-control, attention, cognitive adjustment and emotion regulation. The future needs to emphasize the impact of pattern analysis, individual differences and network analysis on value calculation and integration.