“反讽”是西方文论里最古老的概念之一。1502年,反讽(irony)在英语中出现,到18世纪初广泛使用。18世纪末、19世纪初,德国浪漫主义者把反讽概念发展成为一种文学创作原则。文论家克林斯.布鲁克斯认为反讽是由于“语词受到语境的压力造成意义扭转而形成的所言与所指之间的对立 ”Irony“ is one of the oldest concepts in Western literary theory. In 1502, irony appeared in English and was widely used by the early 18th century. In the late 18th and early 19th century, German romanticists developed the concept of irony into a principle of literary creation. Literary theorist Collins. Brooks that irony is due to ”words by the context of the pressure caused by the reverse of the meaning of the word and the opposition between the