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20世纪70年代,阿根廷城市出现快速贫困化现象,20年内其贫困人口从5%以下上升到50%以上;90年代,阿根廷用10年左右的时间将贫困率降至20%以下;进入21世纪以来,阿根廷进一步将贫困率降至个位数。40年间,阿根廷贫困波动幅度之剧烈是十分罕见的,其进程与成因均有着鲜明的特点。文章回顾了阿根廷从20世纪70年代至今的贫困化发展历程,认为阿根廷的贫困问题不仅与其经济有着密切的关系,而且与其国内的政策紧密相关,新穷人问题正是这一结论生动的注脚。
In the 1970s, the rapid urbanization of the Argentinean city took place. Within two decades, the number of its poor people rose from below 5% to over 50%. In the 1990s, Argentina reduced the poverty rate to below 20% in about 10 years. In the 21st century Argentina has further reduced the poverty rate to single digits. In 40 years, the severity of poverty in Argentina is extremely rare, and its process and cause have distinct characteristics. The paper reviews the development of Argentina’s impoverishment from the 1970s to the present and argues that the problem of poverty in Argentina is not only closely related to its economy but also closely related to its domestic policies. The issue of the new poor is a vivid footnote to this conclusion.