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目前我国面临着严峻的缺水形势,全国有300多个城市缺水,日缺水量1600万方,农业年缺水量达300亿立方米。优化水资源配置,提高用水效率,实现水资源可持续利用,保障国民经济持续、健康、快速发展,这是水管理体制改革的目标。综合利用行政手段、经济手段、工程手段和科技手段优化配置水资源,这是水管理体制改革的实现途径。在从计划经济到市场经济转变过程中,经济手段将在水资源优化配置中发挥越来越重要的作用,水利的市场化改革也将成为水管理体制改革的一个重要方向。在浙江省发生的东阳一义乌水权转让事件能够带给我们许多启示。
At present, China is facing a severe shortage of water. There are more than 300 cities in the country that lack water, water shortages are 16 million square meters, and annual water shortages in agriculture reach 30 billion cubic meters. Optimizing the allocation of water resources, increasing water use efficiency, achieving sustainable use of water resources, and ensuring the sustained, healthy, and rapid development of the national economy are the goals of water management system reform. Comprehensive utilization of administrative means, economic means, engineering means, and scientific and technological means to optimize the allocation of water resources is the way to achieve the reform of the water management system. In the process of transition from planned economy to market economy, economic instruments will play an increasingly important role in the optimal allocation of water resources, and the market-oriented reform of water conservancy will also become an important direction for water management system reform. The Dongyangyiyiwu water rights transfer incident in Zhejiang Province can bring us many inspirations.