地震给人类造成的灾难是难以估量的,但地震预测一直是一个世界性的科学难题。大量的观测事实显示,在多数大地震发生前几周、几天、几小时甚至几分钟,电磁波的强度、相位或者谱密度等将发生异常变化,电离层的电子、离子浓度和温度等会发生异常扰动,这些现象的出现向人们发出地震即将来临的信号。这些现象不仅在地面可观测到,在卫星上也能观测到。据此,许多国家开展了地震电磁卫星的探索研究,以期将其作为监测地震灾害的手段之一。 Disaster caused by the earthquake to human beings is immeasurable, but earthquake prediction has been a worldwide scientific problem. A large number of observations show that in the weeks, days, hours or even minutes before the occurrence of major earthquakes, the intensity, phase or spectral density of electromagnetic waves will change anomalously, and ionospheric electrons, ion concentrations and temperatures will occur Abnormal disturbances, the appearance of these phenomena send signals to people about the imminent earthquake. These phenomena are observable not only on the ground but also on satellites. As a result, many countries have conducted exploratory research on seismic electromagnetic satellites in the hope of monitoring the earthquake disaster.