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手足口病是由肠道病毒感染引起的一组具有特征性皮疹和口腔粘膜损害的临床综合征,好发于儿童,也可见于青少年。1957年在加拿大多伦多首次报告了这种传染病,其后Robinson在71%的病例中分离得柯萨奇(CoxsackieA_(16),CA_(16))病毒,从而确立了本病。1959年在英国伯明翰市附近流行,Alsop首先倡用手足口病(HandFoot and mouth Disease,HFMD)的名称。病原学:近年来证明HFMD并不是CA_(16)单一病毒引起,70年代发现的另一种新的肠道病毒—E—71也是HFMD的主要病原体。这两种病毒都属于Picorna病毒,即微小核糖核酸型肠道病毒,对于某些试验动物及细胞均表现出致病性。1968～1974年从日本散发的HFMD病例中分离的仍以CA_(16)阳性率最高,但自70年代
Hand, foot and mouth disease is a group of clinical syndromes characterized by a rash and oral mucosal lesions caused by enterovirus infections that occur in children and also in adolescents. The disease was first reported in Toronto, Canada, in 1957, and Robinson subsequently established Coxsackie A (16) and CA_ (16) in 71% of cases. Popular around Birmingham, England in 1959, Alsop pioneered the name HandFoot and mouth Disease (HFMD). Etiology: In recent years, it has been proved that HFMD is not caused by CA_ (16) single virus. Another new enterovirus, E-71, discovered in 1970s is also the main pathogen of HFMD. Both of these viruses belong to the Picorna virus, a small form of ribonucleic enterovirus that shows pathogenicity in some animals and cells tested. From 1968 to 1974, the highest positive rate of CA_ (16) was still found in HFMD cases distributed in Japan, but from the 70s