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如何使发展中国家有效地利用WTO争端解决机制 ,是该机制面临的突出问题之一。本文扼要回顾了GATT/WTO争端解决机制演进历程中的“实力取向”与“规则取向”问题 ,进而从法律和实证角度对发展中国家参与GATT/WTO争端解决机制的基本情况和主要障碍进行了分析 ,并结合目前WTO对其争端解决规则与程序的审查 ,探讨了有关问题的解决途径。文章最后指出 ,WTO争端解决机制应致力于维护发展中国家在多边贸易体制内权利义务的平衡 ,为弱小国家提供真正平等的竞技舞台 ,实现从“形式正义”到“实质正义”的飞跃。
How to make developing countries effectively use the WTO dispute settlement mechanism is one of the outstanding problems that this mechanism faces. This article briefly reviews the issue of “strength orientation” and “rule orientation” in the evolution of the GATT / WTO dispute settlement mechanism and further analyzes the basic situation and main obstacles for developing countries to participate in the GATT / WTO dispute settlement mechanism from a legal and empirical point of view Analysis, and combined with the current review of the WTO rules and procedures for the settlement of disputes, discusses ways to solve the problems. Finally, the article points out that the WTO dispute settlement mechanism should be devoted to safeguarding the balance of rights and obligations of developing countries within the multilateral trade system, providing really weak and equal competitive arenas for the weak and realizing a leap forward from “formal justice” to “substantial justice.”