系统的安全评价应建立在系统的安全分析基础之上。海运系统是一个包含人、船、环境等因素在内的庞大繁杂的系统。海运系统安全影响因素多,各影响因素之间关系复杂。为构造科学有效的船舶航行安全预评价体系以用于船舶开航前的安全检查,本文对影响船舶航行安全的综合因素进行系? The safety evaluation of the system should be based on the systematic safety analysis. Shipping system is a huge system of people, boats, the environment and other factors. There are many factors influencing the safety of maritime transport systems and the relationship among them is complex. In order to construct a scientific and effective pre-evaluation system for the safety of ship navigation, which is used for the safety inspection before the ship sailing, this paper conducts a comprehensive evaluation of the factors that affect the safety of navigation of the ship.