目前,西方对府际关系的理论研究和现实实践都已比较成熟,但在中国,无论是上下级政府间,还是平级地方政府间都存在着不得不解决的困境。以横纵两个向度的政府关系为研究焦点,借助“竞争型政府”和“合作型政府”的概念,以及新制度变迁理论,以纵向“钱粮之统”和横向“地域之分”的历史演进过程为例,探究古代中国权力运行逻辑和府际关系设置规则,具体分析中国府际关系普遍存在着纵向的合作性有余而竞争性不足,以及横向的竞争性有余而合作性不足的制度性困境,在此基础上探讨何种制度变迁方式才能更好地解决当下中国面临的府际关系问题,十分重要。 At present, the western theories and practices of intergovernmental relations have been relatively mature. However, in China, there are problems that must be solved between the governments at the lower and lower levels and among the local governments at the same level. With the horizontal and vertical two-dimensional government relations as the research focus, with the concept of “competitive government” and “cooperative government” and the new institutional change theory, As an example to explore the logic of the operation of power in ancient China and the rules for setting up intergovernmental relations. It specifically analyzes that the inter-governmental relations in China have more than enough vertical cooperation and insufficient competition, as well as horizontal competition It is very important for us to discuss the institutional change that we have and how to cope with the institutional problems we are facing nowadays.