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茨威格的《旧书商门德尔》(1929年)和鲁迅的《孔乙己》都是以知识分子悲剧为题材的短篇小说。两部文学作品的发表时间、社会环境和文化背景及文学影响虽然不尽相同,却揭示了一个共同的主题——沦落于社会底层的知识分子受尽摧残的悲惨命运。在进行细读文本的基础上运用比较文学中的平行研究方法对两部文学作品进行分析,通过比较主人公的悲剧形象,探讨两部作品中知识分子悲剧形象的特点、形成悲剧的根源和其社会意义,有助于加深对两部作品的理解,为鲁迅和茨威格的进一步研究提供新的视角。
Zweig’s “Old Booksellers, Mendel” (1929) and Lu Xun’s “Kong Yiji” are short stories based on the tragedy of intellectuals. Although the publication time, social environment, cultural background and literary influence of the two literary works are not the same, they reveal a common theme - the miserable destiny of the intellectuals who have been reduced to the bottom of society. On the basis of detailed reading texts, this paper analyzes the two literary works by using parallel research methods in comparative literature. By comparing the tragic images of the protagonists and exploring the tragic images of intellectuals in the two works, the root causes of tragedies and their social Meaning, help to deepen the understanding of the two works, to provide a new perspective for the further study of Lu Xun and Zweig.