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急性肾损伤（ AKI）是临床常见危重症。目前住院患者中AKI的发生率逐年增加且病死率明显升高，已成为影响危重症患者预后及死亡的重要危险因素。研究显示，脓毒症相关性AKI病死率明显高于非脓毒症性AKI，如何防治脓毒症相关性AKI成为当前重症医学及肾脏病学领域的研究热点。脓毒症相关性AKI与其他病因导致的AKI发病机制不同，因此熟悉脓毒症相关性AKI的流行病学特点、发病机制对后续治疗有至关重要的作用。“,”Acute kidney injury(AKI) is a common critical disease.The incidence of AKI is increasing year by year,eand the death rate is obviously increasing as well,which has become an important risk for the prognosis and death of critically ill patients.Research shows that the mortality of sepsis related AKI is signifi-cantly higher than that of non-sepsis related AKI.How to prevent sepsis related AKI has become a research hotspot in the field of critical care medicine and nephrology.Sepsis related AKI has a different pathogenesis compared with AKI caused by other pathogens.Therefore,mastering the epidemiological characteristics and pathogenesis about sepsis related AKI is essential for the follow-up treatment.