引言利福霉素产生菌于1957年首先由意大利米兰 Leptit 研究室从法国南部拉斐尔植物园的土壤中分离获得。该菌经鉴定为地中海诺卡氏菌(Nocardia mediterranea),在普通的培养基中至少可产生5个组份,称为利福霉素 A、B、C、D 和 E,其中仅 B 可被精制。它的活性较小,但通过化学方法使其“活化”,包括氧化利福霉素 B 为利福霉素 O,然后水解为活性高的利福霉素 S,并继续还原为利福霉素 SV,它们的结构见图1。 Introduction The rifamycin-producing bacterium was first isolated in 1957 from the soil of the Raffaele Botanical Garden in southern France by the Leptit Laboratory in Milan, Italy. The strain was identified as Nocardia mediterranea and produces at least 5 components in common media called rifamycin A, B, C, D and E, of which only B can be refined. It is less active, but “chemically activated” by chemical means, including rifamycin oxide B as rifamycin O, which is then hydrolyzed to the more active rifamycin S and continued to reduce to rifamycin SV, their structure shown in Figure 1.