村民自治是在中国农村推行的一种基层民主制度,它的主要特点是由村民自己决定属于本村内部的事务,即村民通过实行民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督自我管理本村的公共事务和公益事业,调解民间纠纷,维护社会治安等。村民自治在中国农村推行以来,在党和政府的正确领导和农民群众的积极参与下,在较短的时间内取得了巨大的成功,产生了非常好的影响。当前,我国已经进入全面建设小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化建设的新的发展阶段。新世纪新阶段、新形势新任务,给我国农村村民自治提出了新的更高的要求。认真回顾和研究村民自治走过的历程,科学认识村民自治的价值功效,全面总结村民自治的成功经验,对于完善村民自治,健全村党组织领导的充满活力的村民自治机制,推动我国政治文明建设,全面建设小康社会,具有重要的现实意义。 Villager autonomy is a grassroots democracy that is practiced in rural China. Its main feature is that the villagers themselves decide what belongs to the village. That is, the villagers self-administer the public affairs of their village through democratic election, democratic decision-making, democratic management, and democratic supervision And public welfare, mediating civil disputes, maintaining social order and so on. Since the implementation of villager autonomy in rural China, with the correct leadership of the party and government and the active participation of the peasant masses, great successes have been achieved within a relatively short period of time, which has had a very good impact. At present, our country has entered a new stage of development in building an overall well-to-do society and accelerating the socialist modernization drive. In the new phase of the new century, the new situation and new tasks have set new and higher requirements for the rural villagers’ autonomy in our country. We should conscientiously review and study the course of villager autonomy and scientifically understand the value of villager autonomy so as to comprehensively summarize the successful experience of villager autonomy and to improve the autonomy of villagers and the vigorous mechanism of autonomy of villagers led by the village Party organizations so as to promote the construction of political civilization in our country It is of great practical significance to build an overall well-to-do society.