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目的:利用种植型牵张器增高兔下颌牙槽嵴,研究一氧化氮合酶(NOS)与转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)在牵张成骨过程中的相关性.方法:雄性日本大耳白兔24只,随机分为牵张术后1天、1周、2周、4周、6周组和空白对照组,每组4只.随机选取一侧下颌骨行牵张成骨术.分离处死后的兔下颌骨,行免疫组化观察.对免疫组化染色切片通过高清晰彩色病理图像分析仪测量灰度值,计算染色强度.利用SPSS 13.0软件包进行方差分析和Spearman相关分析,并拟合曲线关系,建立相关回归方程.结果:在牵张成骨中,eNOS与TGF-β1呈正相关(P0.05,r=0.283);eNOS与TGF-β1的曲线拟合回归方程为YeNOS=24.246-1.914 XTGF-β1+0.182XTGF-β12-0.004 XTGF-β13.结论:TGF-β1在牵张成骨过程中可能起调控作用,对eNOS起正性调控作用,通过调控eNOS来完成对iNOS的调控,iNOS又通过NO浓度的变化完成对TGF-β1的反作用.“,”PURPOSE: To analyze the correlation of nitric oxide synthase and transforming growth factor β1 in distraction osteogenesis. METHODS: 24 male rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups, each group comprising 4 rabbits. Distraction osteogenesis was carried out on the random side of the alveolar bone. After 4 days of latent period, the alveolar bone was vertically distracted at a rate of 1.0 mm/d and rhythms of 2 times/day for 4 days by implant-distraction. Staining strength of NOS and TGF-β1 in immunohistoehemistry.were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software package at the point of 1 day, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks of DO. RESULTS:The eNOS were positively correlated with TGF-β1 (P0.05, r=0.283); the regression equation of eNOS and TGF-β1 was YeNOS=24.246-1.914XTGF-β11+0.182XTGF-β12-0.004XTGF-β13. CONCLUSIONS:The TGF-β1 adjust iNOS by control of eNOS, eNOS and iNOS also have a counteraction to TGF-β1 by controlling NO.