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用于净化汽车尾气的催化剂含有铂族金属(PGM)铂(Pt)、钯(Pd)、铑(Rh),1980～2006年全世界用于汽车催化剂的铂族金属总量为3500吨,其中钯1600吨,铂1500吨,铑330吨。同期世界上这三种金属的总产量约为8300吨,这就是说,汽车催化剂消费了铂族金属总产量的大约40%,是铂族金属最重要的消费部门。本文评述了汽车催化剂的回收链,特别是催化剂中铂族金属的精炼技术。
Catalysts used to purify automobile exhaust contain platinum (PGM) platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), and rhodium (Rh). The total amount of PGMs used for automotive catalysts in the world from 1980 to 2006 was 3,500 tons, 1,600 tons of palladium, 1,500 tons of platinum and 330 tons of rhodium. Over the same period the world’s total production of these three metals is about 8300 tons, which means that the car catalyst consumption of about 40% of the total production of platinum group metals, platinum group metals is the most important consumer sector. This article reviews the refining chain of automotive catalysts, especially the refining of platinum group metals in catalysts.