稻草还田是水稻地区就地取材,扩大有机肥料来源及改良土壤的一项有效措施。辽宁省盘锦地区的滨海盐碱地上,开垦种植了大面积的水稻,长期以来,有机肥料不足,许多水田单施化肥,不利于水稻高产稳产。稻草还田是本地区最有前途的有机肥来源,为此我们在这方面进行了试验研究。 一、稻草还田的肥效及其改良盐碱土的效果 稻草还田有着明显的增产效果。多年来的试验结果证明,亩施稻草600～700斤,比不施基肥的,当年增产22％左右。对土质瘠薄,发生稻缩病的盐碱地,增产效果更显著,施稻草比不施的增产一倍多。如新建农场四十里堡大队第二和第三生产队基肥亩施稻草700斤,比不施稻草的对照区分别增产104.5％和175.1％。 在氮肥追施量(硫酸铵35升/亩)相等的情况下,稻草还田不仅能使水稻当年增产,还能增加土壤的有 Rice straw is an effective measure to localize rice in the rice area, expand the sources of organic fertilizers and improve the soil. In coastal areas of Panjin in Liaoning Province, large areas of rice have been reclaimed and cultivated. For a long period of time, organic fertilizers have been inadequate. Many paddy fields have applied chemical fertilizers alone, which is detrimental to the high and stable yield of rice. Rice straw is one of the most promising sources of organic fertilizer in the region. Therefore, we conducted a pilot study in this area. First, the effectiveness of straw and fertilizer to improve the effect of saline-alkali soil Straw has significant yield increase effect. Test results over the years that Mushi Shi 600 to 700 pounds of straw than non-base fertilizer, when the yield increase of about 22%. On the barren soil, the occurrence of rice shrinkage of saline-alkali soil, the yield increase effect is more significant, straw than double the yield increase. For example, the second and third production teams of the Fort Sili Fort in the newly-built farm produced 700 kg of straw per mu of rice and increased 104.5% and 175.1% respectively of the control area without straw. In the case of nitrogen fertilizer topdressing (ammonium sulfate 35 liters / acre) equal, the straw can not only increase the yield of rice year, but also increase the soil