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利用管栽试验研究了根区不同湿润方式(整体湿润、上湿下干、上干下湿)、施肥方式(整体施肥、上层施肥、下层施肥)及其耦合对冬小麦不同生育期生长及产量的影响.结果表明:下层施肥方式显著降低了分蘖期冬小麦的株高和叶面积,而不同湿润方式对分蘖期株高和叶面积的影响不显著,拔节期水肥同区方式的株高大于水肥异区方式,表现出协同耦合效应.上干下湿方式和下层施肥方式显著降低了根系干物质量、地上部干物质量和总干物质量,上层施肥方式有利于增加冬小麦生物量,而上湿下干方式与施肥处理对地上部干物质量和总干物质量的耦合效应明显.水肥同区处理的根冠比高于水肥异区处理;上干下湿方式的水分利用效率显著高于整体湿润和上湿下干方式,水肥同区处理的水分利用效率高于水肥异区处理,但下层施肥方式的水分利用效率较低.与上干下湿方式相比,上湿下干和整体湿润方式的冬小麦单穗粒数分别增加了41.7%和61.9%,上层施肥和整体施肥方式的单穗粒数高于下层施肥方式,上湿下干方式与施肥处理对小麦产量及产量构成因素(除千粒重外)的水肥耦合效应明显.不同水肥处理主要通过影响单穗粒数来影响冬小麦产量.
The effects of different wetting methods (whole wetting, wetting on the wet, dry on the wet), fertilization mode (integrated fertilization, upper fertilization, lower fertilization) and their coupling on the growth and yield of winter wheat at different growth stages The results showed that the lower fertilization mode significantly reduced the plant height and leaf area of winter wheat at tillering stage, while the different wetting methods had no significant effect on plant height and leaf area at tillering stage. Area and showed synergistic coupling effect.The dry matter wetting method and the lower fertilization method significantly reduced the root dry matter mass, aboveground dry matter mass and total dry matter mass, and the upper layer fertilization mode was beneficial to increase the winter wheat biomass, And the effect of coupling fertilization on the dry matter mass and total dry matter of the aboveground were obvious.The root-shoot ratio of the same treatment of water and fertilizer was higher than that of the different water and fertilizer treatments.The water use efficiency of the wet-dry was significantly higher than that of the whole wet and wet Drying, water and fertilizer treatment in the same area of the water use efficiency higher than the different fertilizer and water treatment, but the lower water use efficiency of the lower water use efficiency. The grain number per spike of winter wheat increased by 41.7% and 61.9%, respectively, while the number of grains per spike was higher in upper and lower fertilization than in lower fertilization, The coupling effect of fertilization on the yield and yield components of wheat (except 1000-grain weight) was obvious.Different water and fertilizer treatments affected the yield of winter wheat mainly by affecting the number of grains per spike.