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白豆杉Pseudotaxus chienii是国家一级保护植物,也是珍稀濒危植物.本文分析、研究了江西白豆杉地理分布以及井冈山白豆杉群落的特征,结果表明:(Ⅰ)白豆杉在江西主要分布于三清山、井冈山、武功山、遂川南风面、上犹五指峰、德兴、玉山等山区的海拔1 000 m以上的山顶、悬崖或陡坡天然林中;呈现出“微间断分布”的特点;(Ⅱ)白豆杉多分布于高海拔、低温、高湿的山顶矮林地貌,其生物学习性为耐寒喜湿,并且群落结构单一,常混生或伴生于亚热带阔叶林或针叶阔叶混交林中;(Ⅲ)井冈山的白豆杉群落年龄结构为稳定型,具自我维持、发展的生态系统机制,保护策略以就地保护为主,减少人工干扰.
Pseudotaxus chienii is a national level protected plant and also a rare and endangered plant.In this paper, the geographical distribution of Pseudotaxus chienii in Jiangxi and the characteristics of the community of Pseudotaxus chingii in Jinggangshan were studied. The results showed that: (Ⅰ) In the mountains of Sanqingshan, Jinggangshan, Wugongshan, Suichuan, the Upper Wuzifeng, Dexing, Yushan and other mountainous areas more than 1,000 m above sea level in the summit, cliff or steep natural forest; showing a “micro-discontinuous distribution” (Ⅱ) The distribution of shrubs in the high altitude, low temperature and high humidity of the top of the mountain top forest, its biological characteristics of cold and wet, and the community structure of a single, often mixed or associated with subtropical broadleaf forest or needle (Ⅲ) The age structure of Pseudotaxus chinensis community in Jinggangshan is stable, self-sustaining and developing ecosystem mechanism. The protection strategy mainly focuses on in situ conservation and reduces the human disturbance.